how to see what has a file open
In this article, nosotros will explicate how to find out who is using a item file in Linux. This will assistance you know the system user or process that is using an open file.
We can utilise the lsof control to know if someone is using a file, and if they are, who. It reads kernel retention in its search for open files and helps you list all open up files. In this case, an open file may exist a regular file, a directory, a block special file, a character special file, a stream, a network file and many others – considering in Linux everything is a file.
Lsof is used on a file system to identify who is using whatever files on that file arrangement. You tin can run lsof control on Linux filesystem and the output identifies the possessor and process information for processes using the file every bit shown in the following output.
$ lsof /dev/null
List of All Opened Files in Linux
Command PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE Name systemd 1480 tecmint 0r CHR 1,iii 0t0 6 /dev/nothing sh 1501 tecmint 0r CHR one,3 0t0 6 /dev/zippo sh 1501 tecmint 1w CHR 1,three 0t0 vi /dev/null dbus-daem 1530 tecmint 0u CHR 1,3 0t0 6 /dev/nothing xfce4-ses 1603 tecmint 0r CHR one,3 0t0 six /dev/goose egg xfce4-ses 1603 tecmint 1w CHR 1,3 0t0 half-dozen /dev/goose egg at-spi-bu 1604 tecmint 0r CHR 1,3 0t0 half dozen /dev/null dbus-daem 1609 tecmint 0u CHR ane,three 0t0 6 /dev/zero at-spi2-r 1611 tecmint 0u CHR 1,3 0t0 6 /dev/null xfconfd 1615 tecmint 0u CHR 1,iii 0t0 6 /dev/nothing xfwm4 1624 tecmint 0r CHR 1,three 0t0 half dozen /dev/nil xfwm4 1624 tecmint 1w CHR one,three 0t0 6 /dev/null xfce4-pan 1628 tecmint 0r CHR 1,3 0t0 half-dozen /dev/zilch xfce4-pan 1628 tecmint 1w CHR one,3 0t0 6 /dev/zilch Thunar 1630 tecmint 0r CHR i,3 0t0 half dozen /dev/zippo Thunar 1630 tecmint 1w CHR 1,3 0t0 6 /dev/null xfdesktop 1632 tecmint 0r CHR ane,3 0t0 6 /dev/nothing xfdesktop 1632 tecmint 1w CHR ane,three 0t0 six /dev/null ....
To listing user specific opened files, run the following command replace tecmint with the bodily user proper noun.
$ lsof -u tecmint
List of Files Opened past User
COMMAND PID USER FD Type DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE Name systemd 1480 tecmint cwd DIR 8,3 4096 ii / systemd 1480 tecmint rtd DIR 8,3 4096 ii / systemd 1480 tecmint txt REG 8,iii 1595792 3147496 /lib/systemd/systemd systemd 1480 tecmint mem REG viii,three 1700792 3150525 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libm-2.27.and so systemd 1480 tecmint mem REG 8,3 121016 3146329 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libudev.so.ane.six.9 systemd 1480 tecmint mem REG 8,3 84032 3150503 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgpg-mistake.and then.0.22.0 systemd 1480 tecmint mem REG 8,3 43304 3150514 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libjson-c.so.3.0.ane systemd 1480 tecmint mem REG 8,three 34872 2497970 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libargon2.and then.0 systemd 1480 tecmint mem REG 8,3 432640 3150484 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdevmapper.and then.1.02.1 systemd 1480 tecmint mem REG eight,3 18680 3150450 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libattr.so.1.1.0 systemd 1480 tecmint mem REG eight,3 18712 3150465 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libcap-ng.so.0.0.0 systemd 1480 tecmint mem REG 8,3 27112 3150489 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libuuid.so.i.3.0 systemd 1480 tecmint mem REG eight,three 14560 3150485 /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libdl-2.27.so ...
Some other important use of lsof is to find out the procedure listening on a specific port. For example place the process listening on port 80 using the following control.
$ sudo lsof -i TCP:80
Find Out Procedure Listening Port
Command PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME httpd 903 root 4u IPv6 20222 0t0 TCP *:http (Heed) httpd 1320 apache 4u IPv6 20222 0t0 TCP *:http (Listen) httpd 1481 apache 4u IPv6 20222 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN) httpd 1482 apache 4u IPv6 20222 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN) httpd 1493 apache 4u IPv6 20222 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN) httpd 1763 apache 4u IPv6 20222 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN) httpd 2027 apache 4u IPv6 20222 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN) httpd 2029 apache 4u IPv6 20222 0t0 TCP *:http (Mind) httpd 2044 apache 4u IPv6 20222 0t0 TCP *:http (Listen) httpd 3199 apache 4u IPv6 20222 0t0 TCP *:http (LISTEN) httpd 3201 apache 4u IPv6 20222 0t0 TCP *:http (Mind)
Note: Since lsof reads kernel memory in its search for open up files, rapid changes in kernel memory may result into unpredictable outputs. This is one of the major downsides of using lsof command.
For more information, look at the lsof man page:
$ homo lsof
That's all! In this article, nosotros have explained how to know who is using a particular file in Linux. We accept shown how to place the owner and process information for processes using an open file. Use the feedback form beneath to reach us for whatever questions or comments.
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